The Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey enrolled all pregnancies across 33 randomly selected neighborhoods of Metropolitan Cebu, Philippines between May 1983 and April 1984, following mothers and offspring for four decades. Yet the turbulent context into which this cohort was born has never been examined in relation to birth and long-term outcomes. During this single year, the cohort was born into an extraordinary sequence of crises: a severe El Niño drought, typhoon flooding marking the onset of the delayed rainy season, the assassination of Benigno Aquino — the leading opposition figure against the Marcos regime — and the economic collapse that followed. The research findings are robust to causal mediation analyses accounting for endogenous changes in maternal nutrition and infant feeding. Because pregnancy timing was exogenous to these sharply timed events, gestational overlap with different crises generates leverage for causal inference. This study provides evidence on ho